【摘 要】目的探讨法医精神病学鉴定中精神障碍患者涉嫌暴力犯罪的犯罪学和人口学特征。方法采用自
编法医精神病学鉴定案例登记表，对符合标准的206例被鉴定者进行犯罪学特征和人口学资料的收集。根据鉴定诊
断分为精神障碍组(167例，81％)、无精神病组(39例，19％)，对两组的犯罪学特征和一般人13学资料进行对比分
析。结果精神障碍暴力犯罪者男性为154例(92．2％)，女性13例(7．8％)，40岁以下者133例(79．6％)，小学文化
水平以下者93例(57．7％)，农民和无业者133例(79．6％)，未婚者和婚姻家庭不健全者104例(62-3％)，并且与无精
神病组相比在人13学资料上的差别无统计学意义。精神障碍组与无精神病组比较分析发现作案预谋(xz=-40．22，p<
0．o1)、目标确定(x2=32．843，p<0．01)、作案后表现(x2=36．979，p<0．01)、作案动机(x2=82．333，p<0．01)、与被害人的关
系(xz=23．138，p<0．01)、自称遗忘(x2=36．229，p<0．01)方面差异有统计学意义。结论精神障碍患者的暴力犯罪多为
突发性，常无预谋，目标多为临时确定，多无动机或动机不明确，缺乏自我保护意识，作案后多无反侦查表现。无论有
无精神障碍，暴力犯罪者多为40岁以下未婚青壮年男性，且文化水平大多较低，农民和无业人员居多。
i关键词】暴力犯罪；犯罪学特征；法医精神病学
【中图分类号】d919．3
【文献标识码】a
【文章编号】1007—9297(2007)01—0s24—05
analysis of the criminological characteristics of violent ofence of patients with mental disorder．wang bin1,hu
jan一， liboo—huai。et ．j．department offorensic psychiatry,college ofpreclinicalmedicine andforensic medicine，
sichuan university，sichuan chengdu，610041．2．mental health center of west china hospital，sichuan un~em
【abstract】 ive to explore the criminological characteristics and characteristics of demography of violent offenders
in forensic psychiatry assessment． methods we collected 206 cases which meet the research criterions by the
record of forensic psychiatry assessment designed by ourselves， and divided these cases into two groups according to the
assessment，mentally disordered group(167 cases，81％)and mentally normal group(39 cases，19％)。also the criminological
characteristics and the characteristics of demography betw een mentally disordered group and mentally norm al group
were researched by control analysis． results there were 154 (92．2％)male cases， 133 (79．6％)cases aged below 40
years．93(57．7％)cases with lower level of culture，133 cases(79．6％)who were farmer or unemployed people，104 (62‘3％)
who were unmarried or loser in marriage in the violent ofenders with mental disorder。and there were no significant diference
between two groups． th ere are significant diference between mentally disordered group and mentaly norm al group
in criminal plan(x2：40．22，t9<0．o1)，criminal targets(x2=32．843， <0．01)，criminal motives(x =82．333，p<0．01)，the performances
after the ofence(x =36．979，p<0．01)，the relationship between both sides(~ =40．22，p<0．01)and amnesia that
the ofenders claimed (x =36．229，p<0．01)． conclusion also the violent ofenders with mental disorder usually did not
have plan s be~re the ofence， the criminal targets were determ ined temporarily， there weren’t usualy criminal motives，
they often did not say that they forgot it after the ofence and stayed at the ofence scene rather taking anti-detection behaviors
such 0．8 escape．most of violent ofenders with mental disorder were unmarried young male farm ers with lower level
of culture，and most of them were farm er or unemployed people， whether they were the patients with mental disorders or
not．
【keywords】violent ofence，criminological characteristics，forensic psychiatry
[作者简介]
[通讯作者]
王彬(1974一)，男，汉族，山东济宁市人，四川大学基础医学与法医学院2004级法医学硕士