摘要：优先发展城市公共交通是党中央国务院做出的一项重大战略决策。介绍了优先发展城市公共交通战略决策的背景及重大意义。指出要统一思想，充分认识这项决策的战略地位，要从建设资源节约型、环境友好型、社会和谐型的城市发展目标的角度去贯彻落实；城市公共交通应坚持政府投入为主，论述了《关于优先发展城市公共交通若干经济政策的意见》的重要内容。明确城市政府既要承担公共责任，又要坚持市场改革方向，通过竞争，提高效率。最后，提出优先发展城市公共交通，必须坚持勤俭办一切事业的基本原则。

abstract: the priority of the development of urban public transportation is an important strategic decision made by the central government. this paper introduces the background and importance of giving priority to the development of urban public transportation, and points out that consensus should be reached and the strategic significance of the decision should be fully recognized. it is suggested that the decision should be implemented so as to achieve the goals of resource-saving, and to build environment-friendly and society-harmonized cities. the development of urban public transportation should keep in focus of government investments. in addition, the paper discusses the importance of the policy document d "suggestions regarding the economic policies on the priority of the development of urban public transportation", and clarifies that local municipal governments should not only bear public responsibilities, but also persist in market-reform direction, and efficiency improvement through competitions. finally, the paper concludes with basic principles such as developments in favor of urban public transportation should be carried out in an economic way.

关键词：公共交通；低票价；燃油补贴；经济补偿

keywords: public transportation; low fare; fuel allowance; economic compensation

中图分类号：u491.1+7

文献标识码：a

　　随着我国城市化进程的加快，城市经济的迅猛发展和人民生活水平的提高，机动化进程明显加快。与此同时，城市交通拥堵问题日益突出，城市公共交通发展滞后于城市经济社会发展和人民群众需求提高的矛盾始终没有解决，是否采取决然措施推行城市公共交通优先发展战略，不仅决定了城市交通能否满足人民群众的最大需求，城市能否持续健康发展，也决定了我国能源消耗方式，直接关系到能否贯彻落实科学发展观和实现经济社会的可持续发展。

　　1 关于优先发展城市公共交通的战略决策

　　1) 决策的背景

　　2003年，北京市面临私人交通急剧膨胀的压力，道路交通拥堵非常严重，城市交通总体出行时间显著增长。为此，曾培炎副总理批示，要求建设部组织专家对北京的城市交通问题进行研讨。

　　北京的交通问题不仅仅是北京的，北京的今天就是中国发展中城市的明天。因